Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) Practice Test

A functional relationship is established when:

1. Variables are correlated

2. Changes in one event consistently affect another

3. Only observable behaviors are measured

4. All responses are measured continuously

The correct answer is: Changes in one event consistently affect another

A functional relationship is established when changes in one event consistently affect another. This concept is fundamental in applied behavior analysis, as it indicates that there is a reliable and predictable connection between two variables, often referred to as the independent and dependent variables. When these changes are observed, it emphasizes that the manipulation of one variable (such as an intervention) directly leads to a change in another variable (like behavior). This consistent pattern of cause and effect is crucial for establishing causality and generating meaningful interventions based on the principles of behavior analysis. While correlation and other factors can play a role in data analysis, they do not establish a functional relationship. Merely observing correlated variables does not imply that altering one will influence the other. Similarly, the measurement of only observable behaviors or continuous responses does not inherently establish a functional relationship unless causal manipulation is involved. Thus, the emphasis on the consistency of the necessary changes is what validates the establishment of this relationship in the context of behavior analysis.