Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) Practice Test

Which of the following best describes positive reinforcement?

1. A decrease in behavior due to the removal of a stimulus

2. An increase in behavior due to the addition of a stimulus

3. A procedure leading to aversive consequences

4. A technique that uses punishment to reduce behavior

The correct answer is: An increase in behavior due to the addition of a stimulus

Positive reinforcement is characterized by an increase in behavior that occurs as a result of adding a stimulus following that behavior. This addition of a stimulus, often referred to as a reinforcer, strengthens the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated in the future. It is essential to note that the reinforcer can be anything desired by the individual, such as praise, a reward, or any pleasant experience that follows a desirable action. This concept is crucial in both applied behavior analysis and learning theory, as it helps shape and encourage desired behaviors. When a behavior is followed by a favorable outcome, the behavior is more likely to occur again, creating a positive feedback loop that reinforces the behavior. Thus, the correct description correlates directly with the fundamental principles of behavior modification, emphasizing the role of positive consequences in learning and behavior change.